Hawai'i Volcano Blog

The easiest answer to the question of whether lava will flow out of the caldera is — it depends!

The Big Island volcano — perhaps the most active in the world — was a bit of a tease leading up to its most recent fountaining episode yet, which lasted 8.3 hours July 15.

The most recent lava fountaining episode within Halemaʻumaʻu Crater ended abruptly at 4:46 p.m. July 15 after 8.1 hours.

Lava fountains are currently erupting from the north vent and reaching heights of about 950 feet above ground level.

Next episode most likely to begin July 11 or 12; however, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reports deflation began Saturday morning at the summit, and if that trend continues, fountaining could be pushed back.

Though most of state’s day-to-day seismic activity occurs within volcanic systems, these widely felt — often offshore — deep earthquakes are not at all directly related to magmatic processes; learn more in today’s “Volcano Watch.”

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reports the temblor struck just after 8:15 p.m. July 9 about 34 miles west-southwest of Captain Cook at a depth of 24 miles below sea level; no damage to buildings or infrastructure expected.

Hawai‘i, the 50th state, reached a golden anniversary June 27: Episode 50 of the ongoing episodic summit eruption at Kīlauea volcano on the Big Island; the north vent served up a 1,030-foot lava fountain, the tallest since Episode 43.

Tephra that was carried high into the air may still fall over Kaʻū communities despite the abrupt end to the continuous lava fountaining.

Park managers are not expecting temporary closures at this time; however, a post just before 11 a.m. Saturday by Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park reminded that could change based on wind direction, volcanic gas and tephra (volcanic material) fallout.

Professor Bruce Houghton retired in 2025 from University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa after 25 years as the Gordon A. Macdonald Chairperson of Volcanology, but although he retired and returned to New Zealand, his connections to volcanology in Hawaiʻi remain strong.

Those households are now better prepared for ash and tephra fall from the ongoing Kīlauea episodic eruptive activity, protecting the water supplies on which many of them depend.

Despite having breaks in activity during this ongoing eruption at the Kīlauea summit on the Big Island, monitoring data indicates activity is still elevated and the eruption is not finished, even if we don’t always see lava at the surface.

Kīlauea’s Episode 49 eruption at Halemaʻumaʻu crater has ended, prompting the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory to lower alert levels.

This eruption is most remembered for the destruction of Ho‘ōpūloa village, a few miles north of Miloliʻi Bay.

Large eruptive plumes produced by the ongoing episodic summit eruption of Kīlauea volcano, which contain high concentrations of volcanic gases and tephra, and wind direction are the key to this answer.

An estimated 7.3 million cubic yards of lava erupted and covered about 40% of the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor. 

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reported that the window for the next lava fountaining episode of the ongoing episodic eruption that began Dec. 23, 2024, is now between Saturday, May 30, and Monday, June 1.

The base of Mauna Loa sitting on top of the old oceanic crust is only 6 miles below sea level, so the major magnitude-6.0 earthquake the night of Friday, May 22, happened deeper than the volcano — even deeper than the base of the ocean crust, which is bent downward by the weight of the Hawaiian Island chain.

Episode 47 of lava fountaining during the ongoing episodic summit eruption of the Big Island volcano tied the 1983-86 initial phase of the Pu‘u‘ō‘ō eruption on Kīlauea, which had a total of 47 events, for the most fountaining episodes ever recorded — so far — at the volcano; so how do these historic eruptions compare?