World of anchialine pools under microscope at international symposium in Kona

More than 125 scientists, students, community members and resource managers from across Hawai‘i and around the world have gathered in Kona for the 5^th International Symposium on Anchialine Ecosystems.

Hawai‘i has one of the highest concentrations of brackish water, near-coast anchialine pools in the world, with an estimated 600 or more on Hawai‘i Island, mostly along the Kona Coast. 

Anchialine pools were the first sources of fresh water for early Hawaiians, so they have great cultural significance, which has continued into modern times.

This was highlighted during a presentation this morning by a trio of students from a Hawaiian immersion school at Keaukaha. They presented their remarks entirely in ʻŌlelo Hawai‘i. 

One of the symposium’s organizers, Troy Sakihara, an aquatic biologist with the Department of Land and Natural Resources’ Division of Aquatic Resources, said in opening remarks that the symposium is grounded in the importance of the collective kuleana to culture and place.

Like so many of Hawai‘i’s natural and cultural resources, anchialine ecosystems have already been destroyed or are threatened by development, pollution and invasive species. For the pools, it’s invasive fish like guppies and tilapia. 

The best-known of the native inhabitants of anchialine pools is the ‘ōpae‘ula, a tiny red shrimp. About one-third of the pools on Hawai‘i Island are located at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park.

Several of today’s presentations focused on water quality in the park’s anchialine pools and the use of ‘auhuhu, a Polynesian introduced plant to control invasive fish and the associated recovery of the natural ecosystem. 

The symposium is heavy on science, but with the overall message that anchialine ecosystems continue to be an important and vital connection to our natural and cultural landscape and history. 

In addition to the Division of Aquatic Resources, other sponsors and contributors to the symposium include, the DLNR Division of Forestry and Wildlife, the DLNR Division of State Parks, Hawai‘i Wildlife Fund, Hui Loko, The Nature Conservancy, University of Hawai‘i, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Kamehameha Schools, U.S. Geological Survey, Lili‘uokalani Trust, He‘eia Bay Forever, Hawai‘i Fish Habitat Partnership, Hawai‘i Mountain Running, National Park Service, Kua‘aina Ulu ‘Auamo, Hawai‘i Coral Reef Initiative, David Shepard Hawai‘i, Mauna Lani Auberge Resorts and Four Seasons Resort.

“This broad partnership,” Sakihara said, “demonstrates how important this underground system of pools is and why we need to do everything we can to protect and restore them.”